An Analysis of Queen Elizabeths Speech to Englands Troops

An Analysis of Queen Elizabeths Speech to Englands Troops Throughout history, speeches have been used as effective means for expressing yourself to the masses. Leaders on all levels have come to appreciate the fact that a well crafted speech can be a powerful agent when trying to evoke particular sentiments in people. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of Queen Elizabeths Speech to Englands Troops specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Queen Elizabeth I of England proved to be a powerful and compelling orator in her speech to her troops as they prepared to take up arms against the Spanish Armada in 1588. In this paper, I shall review her speech with the aim of deducing the main arguments that the queen advanced. Her feelings towards her audience shall be inferred based on her words. The queens ideas and beliefs will also be highlighted from the contents of the speech. This speech is addressed to the English troops at the battle field. The queen understands the sacrific e that the troops are about to make for their country and for this she proclaims them noble and worthy subjects. The apparent reason for the queens speech is to motivate her troops in the face of the imminent conflict with the Spaniards. The queen aims to convince the troops that their fight is for a worthy cause and that their noble action of defending their country will not go unnoticed by the queen and the people of England. The queen empathizes with the soldiers and concedes that despite there being lives lost in the heat of the battle, England will be safe. The battle that England faces is against Spain, an equally matched opponent at that point in time. The queen asserts that while some may view surrendering to Spain as the safe means, this would be equivalent to treachery to the motherland. By making such a strong declaration, the queen aims to appeal to the patriotism of the soldiers. She further states that she is also ready and willing to die in battle for the kingdom of England together with her soldiers should she be called upon to do so. From Elizabeths words, we can tell with certainty that she is a patriot at heart and the honor of her country is of great importance to her. It is this same values that she intends to impart onto the soldiers for it is on them that the fate of England will lie. Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is also apparent that Elizabeth believes that her countrys troops are not only a match for the Spaniards but that they have the capability of conquering the Spanish forces in battle. With this conviction, she predicts a short lived confrontation in which England emerges victorious. The speech suggests that there exists some religious animosity between the two warring nations. One can deduce from the reference to the Spanish forces by the queen as enemies of my God that there were religious undertones that surrounde d the conflict. Bearing in mind that the Spanish people were the leading Catholic power while England had embraced the Protestant sect, it is evident that the two facets of the Christian religion were at loggerheads. The light in which women were viewed during this period in history can also be learnt from this speech. The queen contends that she has but the body of a weak and feeble woman. This indicates that the women in England were viewed as weak people who needed protecting. Her declaration that she is willing to take up a sword and fight for the country is as a last resort; that is if her nation should be invaded. The queen is certain that her troops would not let the situation degenerate to such an extent. This paper set out to analyze the speech by Queen Elizabeth so as to discover the various ideas advanced through the speech. It has been identified that this speech was mainly aimed at motivating Englands troops before they faced the Spanish forces in battle. However, the a nalysis provided in this paper demonstrates that religious differences also played a part in the conflict between Spain and England.

Write the Ideal Essay of the American Dream

Write the Ideal Essay of the American Dream Living The American Dream: Extraordinary Concepts That Can Assist All Learners Picking an extraordinary subject for the American dream article is a standout among the best techniques to utilize. However, you have to investigate it cautiously. Continue with this scholastic task by reflecting alternate points of view. Structure your American dream article in the wake of becoming familiar with the way of life, life, and social patterns of this strong nation. It ought to incorporate your solid proposition proclamation that presents key perspectives. Direct your inside and out research dependent on many fascinating measurements and thoughts identified with the American dream idea to inspire educators or teachers. Step by step instructions to compose the best American dream article Consider these imperative components when composing the American dream exposition: Sort out intriguing and reasonable American dream paper points to pick a decent one for your bit of composing; Use your productive expository aptitudes to outline a solid postulation proclamation; Write a different area with the meanings of imperative terms; Use pertinent statements to make your paper all the more engaging students; In a closing section, entirety up significant subtleties and repeat your proposal. How to make the American dream paper layout? Make the American dream article diagram by posting a subject sentence of each passage since its a basic method to guarantee that all areas will fill their particular needs. Dont hesitate to wipe out or join potential areas while plotting. That is because the primary draft may contain dreary thoughts or actualities that negatively affect the focal contention of your article about the American dream. If you have any issues with updating it, your framework offers an effective method to recognize the feeble and solid sides of your scholastic paper. How to compose the American dream article presentation An early on section gets ready learners for your significant contention. It should begin with a discourse of your picked American dream subject and offer to set to set them up for your theory explanation, which comes toward the finish of this area and states the focal contention or reason for the whole paper briefly and unmistakably. The presentation plans learners for your announcement. Content Sections Your task concerning the dream of America ought to contain the fundamental content with these essential components: Each passage needs a different theme sentence that presents its significant thought; Put enough proof, for example; master sites, insights, actualities, and other information to demonstrate it; A closing sentence should aggregate up all subtleties and incorporate smooth changes. The dream of America article end The American dream article end should both rehash your significant case and establish a link to a more extensive dialog. To do this, one should return to a postulation articulation and spotlight on completing your task by ignoring significant remarks, posing an additional report, or including a suggestion to take action rather than just repeating all focuses in the finish of your dream of America article. Why utilize a snare for American dream article? Contemplate the introductory sentence of your bit of composing as an appealing snare that catches students eye and enables you to roll them into the article. A snare for American dream exposition can be as provocative inquiries, intriguing statements, engaging accounts, little-known actualities, measurements, or whatever else. How to pick great American dream exposition themes? Many fascinating thoughts worry the American dream. However, its hard and befuddling to pick the best one. Search for something intriguing and a particular kind. Contemplate about the supplementary derelict of valuable recommendations. Normal subjects to expound on the dream of America Understanding the paper on the dream of America; Whether individuals need to pass judgment on how others accomplish their American dream; The Prodigious Gatsby dream of America article; A specific age of individuals who operated a great deal to ensure their dream of America materialize; Does the dream of America still live exposition today; Share your genuine belief regarding the dream of America; Is the American dream feasible exposition? Account and engaging themes for your American vision article Select an actual existence occasion or achievement that is a piece of the American vision; Explain to students how it resembles for foreigners to accomplish their American dream; Describe any individual youre acquainted with who made it work out as expected; Share your sentiment if the American dream’s merits seeking after. What are thoughts for school and secondary school understudies? Prejudices that demolished the American Dream; If its conceivable to resuscitate the first American Dream; The enhancement of the American Dream; True recipients of the American Dream; If the American vision is a false notion. In case youre attempting to expound on the American dream, use models underneath. If they arent sufficient to draft an ideal paper, get our expert help and request excellent custom composition administrations. Contract our accomplished creators to succeed. The understanding of the American dream paper The American vision has dependably been an imperative piece of the way of life and civilization in America. Regardless it stays applicable in present day times. The dream of America merits referencing that individuals cant quantify its roots on what they possess since they have to apply its standards to social issues and patterns. The initial segment is the fantasy of wealth. Its about the capacity to be loaded up with material merchandise. Numerous different nations begrudge a country or shoppers and makers because just a couple of them can coordinate the sheer scope of merchandise that America makes. Consider the fantasy of majority rule government and equivalent rights. This idea is about individuals capacity to purchase merchandise, paying little respect to their identity and where theyre from, and it connects back to their sacred rights. The fantasy of opportunity of decision is another critical part. It binds back to the constitution of the state that enables individuals to pick their very own ways of life, utilize distinctive merchandise, and discover the opportunity to become the people they want to become. Remember about the fantasy of curiosity. Its about the idea of a widening of the purchase decision, and it haggy affects the American culture today. Current abilities on interest continue changing after some time. Its a bit much for individuals to work in explicit regions to get along in their lives since they can make sure that theres dependably an interest to specialty aptitudes to furnish them with increased opportunities of the decision. The structure is huge for the American vision since it wouldnt have the capacity to drive forward without this authoritative record. These days, the American vision remains applicable. How individuals make it work out change, yet its essential standards continue as before, and the principle contrast is that youngsters pick advancement strategies to approach their interest. The American vision is an image of success. Does the American dream still exist paper today? A few people contend if the American dream remains realistic and alive. They all have one of a kind qualities and lives. This implies individuals have distinctive meanings of the American dream. One of the principal reasons why its flourishing is that there exist unlimited open doors that individuals get once a day. Numerous state-funded schools furnish their understudies with the devices and strategies they need to prosper, so its possibly up to them if to utilize them to accomplish life objectives or not. An additional fact that justifies America vision that individuals have several opportunities of job disposed to them. However, in the end, not everybody becomes a popular doctor or lawyer, though all of them can be prosperous and earn their livelihood. There are a lot of opportunities available in the world. There is a wide range of jobs to select from, like engineers, lab workers, technicians, electricians, apprentices, and construction laborers among others. There is no need of going to a training college. Several prosperous and successful individuals did not acquire a college degree, and this did not prevent them from ensuring their dream of America came true. What makes individuals have a feeling that the dream is not true today? A large number of individuals think in this manner at the end because of the influence the economy has on them. America is known to have a slower growth rate of the economy and weaker employment markets, and this is the reason most profits from interest rates are not disclosed to the public. National borrowing of the country is a bit high that is another factor that contributes, though it leads to increased taxes that enable the government to collect increased revenue. The basic undesirable influence of the national borrowing is intensifying inflation. Notably, it can result in a decreased living standard. Regardless of the undesirable patterns that have been mentioned above, desirable factors and concepts are attesting that the dream of America is still alive in the contemporary world. Several individuals relentlessly pursue it for diverse purposes. Some individuals want it for their happiness, whereas others opt to become wealthy or accomplish other goals of life.

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Strategic management - Essay Example The lower correlation value of securities in portfolio means lower list. Correlation can vary between -1 to +1. ï  ²(Ri, RM) denotes the correlation between the returns on security i and the returns on the market portfolio; ï  ³(Ri) denotes the standard deviation of the returns on security i, E(RM) denotes the expected return on the market portfolio; ï  ³(RM) denotes the standard deviation of the returns on the market portfolio; and RF denotes the risk-free rate of return. (c) Write down an expression for the security market line. Draw a sketch of the security market line, and indicate the positions of securities A and B on this line. Explain briefly how you would interpret the security market line. The risk free rate of returns is 4%. Beyond that, the higher the risk, higher the returns. In the above Security Market Line, Security A gives 4.5% returns at 10% risk. Security B gives 5.2% returns at 20% risk. The slope of the security market line is the risk(B-Beta). (d) Write down expressions for the characteristic lines for securities A and B. Draw sketches of the characteristic lines for securities A and B. Explain briefly how you would interpret the characteristic lines. The systematic risk is common for all the securities in the market. So, the systematic risk is common for the securities A and C too. The unsystematic risk is unique to each and every security. The risk of Securities A and C are 6% and 11% respectively. The systematic risk has to be less than 6%. Assuming that systematic risk is x %, the unsystematic risk for security A would be 6%-x% and for Security C would be 11%-x%. Since 11%-x% would be greater than 6%-x%, the Security C has higher risk compared to Security A. Roll questioned whether it is even conceptually possible to test the CAPM. Roll showed that the linear relationship which prior researchers had observed in graphs

In Palm Beach, Old Money Isn't Having a Ball Essay - 1

In Palm Beach, Old Money Isn't Having a Ball - Essay Example The Red Cross Ball in Palm Beach has, for nearly half a century, brought together the island’s upper-crust families to drink, dance, donate money and is easily the most prestigious party for old Palm Beach society. Top socialites, foreign ambassadors, entertainment superstars and occasional royalty from Europe mingle with Palm Beach’s newcomers and hundreds of out-of-town friends that can shell out money to give out and donate as well as pay for their designer tuxedos’ and gowns, flashy jewelries and cars. This has led to a somewhat tolerable â€Å"battle† between old and new money and is holding true to all traditional blue-blood communities in the country. Arguably, new money has surged in the Unite States and has overtaken the older elite in terms of statistics. This is evidenced by the journal documenting that â€Å"the number of the super wealthy in the U.S. has surged with 430,000 households now worth more than $10 million. That’s up from 65,000, adjusted for inflation in 1989. In 2001, the top 1% of Americans ranked by net worth controlled 33% of all personal assets.† (Frank 2005) Increasingly, these clashes between the desire of the nouveaux rich being accepted into high society by buying their way into exclusive clubs and into the stream of the old wealthy and the actual acceptance they receive hasn’t significantly changed. The old rich safely guard and selectively choose which clubs can be joined in. For the nation’s richest, this rapid shift in the composition of the wealthiest Americans is striking. Inherited money is being taken over by entrepreneurial endeavors of businessmen. Case in point is Bill Gates’ $48 billion net worth is more than twice the Rockefeller family’s current fortune. (Frank 2005) This striking difference is never been more evidently felt than in the Palm Beach area where the influx of new money has ignited off disputes over realty values as the status symbols. As

Importance of Matrifocal family in the caribbean Essay Example for Free

Importance of Matrifocal family in the caribbean Essay The Matrifocal family Is very prominent in the Caribbean. This is noted more as among people of Africans in the regions. Reasons for this diversity, Cultural Retention, Plantation system of slavery, SOCIO economic and the culture of property. Cultural retention, Melville Herkevitts was one of the first researchers to trace the African Origin of the slaves who came to the Americans he believed that despite attempts to strip Africans slaves ot their cultural heritage the practice ot polygyny was retained from the practice. affected by bonding and closeness of mother and child because the husband/ father was somewhat marginal. This pattern remained in the Caribbean society especially about lower class people of African descent. Plantation system, there is the belief that the persistence of the Matrifocal family can be seen as a consequence of the plantation system of slavery, M. C. Smith wrote that under plantation slavery stables families were not given a chance to develop unions of whatever sort, were often broken up as slaves were sold. The unit of mother and child was less likely to be torn apart than a unit of man, woman and child, males were denied family rights which resulted in a system of female centeredness therefore became marginalise. Women now lead their families. It is a well-organized social group which represents a positive adaptauon to the circumstances of poverty. By not tying herself down to a husband. the mother is able to maintain causal relationships with a number of men who can provide her with financial support. The above Information shows that the Matrlfocal family can be regarded as a form of family structure in its own right. It is therefore Important because it shows that a woman doesnt need a man to take care of her and her family, she If fully cable of performing both tasks all by herself. so Matrltocal family Is very Important.

The Attitude of Howard Hughes :: Inventors

Although Howard Hughes had a very cocky attitude, he did what he needed to do to finish his life goals: "Things I want to be 1. The best golfer in the world. 2. The best flyer pilot. 3. the most famous producer of moving pictures." Goals written on the back of a receipt (p55) His attitude was so impressive that it led to a major contribution in the world of aviation. The steps that he took, not listening to people say that he cannot do it, great secrecy, the need for perfection, and he does what ever is necessary to get the job done, that along side of his Texan attitude would lead to one of the greatest achievements in aviation. This great achievement was that of pressurized cabins which led to being able to fly higher and faster, thus cutting down travel time and expenses. Howard Hughes?s attitude was astounding, a quote from him which reads ?Bob, please read the attached article. It refers to me as a millionaire, while others have called me a billionaire. I?m very concerned about this change in perception and the effect it will have on our businesses? (Richard Hack P xi). This is showing how great of an attitude he has if he can be so picky that he worries about if people view him as a millionaire rather than a billionaire. When Hughes had something to tell someone he had no problem with worrying about what they would think about it, or who that person is. When Howard said ?I am a little tired of being pushed around and intimidated by Senators Brewster and Ferguson just because they have some very strong powers which are granted to all Senators but which were not intended to be misused for the promotion of a three-ring publicity circus.? (P159) This shows that Hughes obviously did not care if he was talking about senators talking down on him or just a normal person. He just does not care who they are- he will not take it. We all know that Howard had money because of his great attitude, ?While the rest of America was having trouble placing food on the table, Hughes felt the effect only when he decided to buy a new plane, and was told that he needed to pay for his purchase with cash.? This shows how rich he was, but more importantly it shows that he can be very cocky about it.

Youth Unemployment

The youth unemployed should be one the groups the most in need for financial support in Hong Kong. They face keen competition and suffer from the local economic regression, which create difficulty to them earning a living. Young people, in general, refers to people in the age groups of 15-19 and 20-24 (Chung Kim-wah 2009). They are recognized as labor force in Hong Kong, but their employment opportunities are not optimistic.Those school leavers in the age of 15-24 entering the labor market have little competitiveness compared graduate job applicants, especially when the supply of graduate workers are so abundant in the market (Chung Kim-wah 2009). The unemployment rate of them keeps rising and reached 19. 5% in 2008 (Youth Study Series 2009). Those unemployed receive no salary while they need money for daily expenses, creating potential financial burden on them. Facing competition among themselves, the young graduates are not any better either.Nowadays, the large number of graduates makes the labor market saturated, providing the employers so many choices (Chung Kim-wah 2009), not to mention that a number of them are still obliged to pay for their grad loan. The young unemployed population, both graduates and non-graduates, have to compete fiercely for the limited job positions in the market. Such pessimistic employment prospect has strong relation to Hong Kong economic regression, which causes shrinkage in labor market (Youth Study Series 2009).While the number of job vacancies is declining, more and more young school leavers and fresh graduates enter the marekt seeking for jobs, resulting in increasing unemployment. Both the problems of vigorous competition and economic slowdown cannot be easily solved and need a long term economic adjustment. The young unemployed have little to do to escape from the predicament. Financial support from the government may give temporary but necessary assistance to them. The form of financial support given may affect the extent of assistance to the young unemployed.First, I suggest that further education fund and scheme should be set up for the young people to further study. Under the scheme, courses of different professions, ranging from information technology to business management, should be provided to young school leavers. They could take courses according to their own interest. After they acquire different skills, they can re-enter into labor markets of their respective professions. In this way, labor supply can be diversified and competition can be reduced. Also, the government can also subsidize local companies who are going to recruit young employees.In this time of economic hardship, companies may not dare to bear the risk to expand their crews. With government subsidy, some companies may react with incentive and are be willing to provide job positions to the young unemployed, creating some job vacancies for them. References Chung, Kim-wah. Huge Supply of Graduates the Cause of Youth Unemploymen t. Ed. Joseph Li. China Daily, 26 Sept. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. . Youth Study Series No. 41: The Impact of Youth Unemployment in the Midst of the Global Financial Crisis. Rep. Youth Research Centre, Feb. 2009. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. .

Buddhism & History

Buddhism is a spiritual practice that leads to insight true nature of life It’s a practice of mind developing like the awareness ,kindness and wisdom. The history of transformation of Japanese marriage and kinship over the course of Hein (794-1185) and Kamakura (1185-1333). The role of Buddhist funerary and memorial rituals in creation. Graveyards have been deserted and lonely places were known as such, yet there is something inappropriate in this. In the beginning of the eleventh century we find no evidence of such resident grave tenders.In the later periods,  the development of more permanent stone markers for graves, the burial became a site of worship. It became the place to define a family group and strengthen the bond of kinship. The preservation of bones and the development of maintained, regularly visited grave are indicators of the signification of Japanese kinship practices that took place through the medium of Buddhist death ritual and memorial practice. The langu age of kinship and gender of the Chinese ritual has changed the Japanese family. The introduction of Chinese Buddhist ideas about the postmortem lives of families had ramifications for many generations of men and women to come.Women in Japan were not always temporary members of the families of their birth. The women kept their family names after marriage. A daughter would leave their family to become a wife and a mother with the family which she would come to be identified. At death she would join the family lineage as the consort of father-cum-ancestor and genetrix link of the present link of the patrilineal link. It was Buddhist rituals that shape family links. The burial of daughters with their father’s represents the continuing indispensability of women in the avuncular politics. They died as their father’s daughter’s and buried amongpartrilineal relatives, their bones revered ancestral relics by the children and grandchildren of their brother. In addition t o age restrictions, Japan also prohibits close relatives from getting married. This is a very common marriage rule that is held by many modern nations. Close relatives include blood relatives, step relatives and adoptive relatives. However, the period of most intense preoccupation with. Keeping daughter’s' bone’s â€Å"in the family† ironically marked the initial entrenchment of agnatic, or partrilineal, principles of descent in Japan. The posthumous divorce was common in mayareas in Japan. This was the custom was that the most women commit suicide or had failed to produced male children was sent back to her natal family. This act signifies severing of ties with the dead women and responsibilities for her funeral rite, burial and memorial services back onto her family that had raised her. The idea of married woman belongs to their husbands and sons comes as no surprises. The memorial practices gathered by the Japanese folklorist in the twentieth century reveal a great deal of regional variation. Japanese kinship system daughters leaves their families to live and die.The idea that a daughter should stay with her father came to apply to final place as it had to marriage residence. By the end of the Murumachi period, the women lived by their husband’s people. Ancestor consciousness in Japan is very weak. Only with the importation of the concept of lineage from the Korean Peninsula does the history of ancestor worship begun. Reference : â€Å" The Early Stages In The Development of Group Descent of Organization,† in Kinship Organization in Late Imperial China, ed. Patricia Ebrey and James Watson( Berkely University of California Press, 1986) 16-61

Free Essays on Death and Hamlet

after the deaths of Hamlet, Claudius, King of Denmark, Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, and Laertes, son of Polonius. Also dead are Hamlet, King of Denmark, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, former friends of Hamlet, Polonius, councilor to the King, and Ophelia, daughter of Polonius. Death is an extremely prevalent theme in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. However, each death is unique in circumstances, causes, and effects. Three important deaths in Hamlet were the deaths of King Hamlet, Ophelia, and Prince Hamlet. The first, and probably most important death in Hamlet, is the death of Prince Hamlet’s father, Hamlet, King of Denmark. Even though this death is not portrayed in the play, it sets off a chain of events that comprise the plot of Hamlet. Hamlet, King of Denmark died recently before the play begins. Claudius, King Hamlet’s brother, succeeded him. This upset Prince Hamlet, who thought he should be the successor. Then, in the very first scene of the play, King Hamlet’s ghost appears to some soldiers and Hamlet’s friend Horatio. The ghost does not speak to them. Horatio tells Hamlet about the ghost, and eventually the ghost appears to Hamlet and speaks with him. The ghost surprises Hamlet by saying, â€Å"If thou didst ever thy dear father love- Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder† (Hamlet, Act I, Scene 5, Lines 23 and 25). Hamlet had not realised that his father had been murdered. The ghost goes on to say, â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy f ather’s life now wears his crown,† (Haml! et, Act I, Scene 5, Lines 38-39). It is at this point that Hamlet realises that his father’s mur... Free Essays on Death and Hamlet Free Essays on Death and Hamlet Death in Hamlet Essay written by: Juliette â€Å"So shall you hear of carnal, bloody, and unnatural acts, of accidental judgments, casual slaughters, of deaths put on by cunning and forced cause,† (Hamlet, Act V, Scene 2, Lines 381-384). So says Horatio, best friend of Prince Hamlet in the final few lines of the play. He speaks these words after the deaths of Hamlet, Claudius, King of Denmark, Gertrude, Queen of Denmark, and Laertes, son of Polonius. Also dead are Hamlet, King of Denmark, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, former friends of Hamlet, Polonius, councilor to the King, and Ophelia, daughter of Polonius. Death is an extremely prevalent theme in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. However, each death is unique in circumstances, causes, and effects. Three important deaths in Hamlet were the deaths of King Hamlet, Ophelia, and Prince Hamlet. The first, and probably most important death in Hamlet, is the death of Prince Hamlet’s father, Hamlet, King of Denmark. Even though this death is not portrayed in the play, it sets off a chain of events that comprise the plot of Hamlet. Hamlet, King of Denmark died recently before the play begins. Claudius, King Hamlet’s brother, succeeded him. This upset Prince Hamlet, who thought he should be the successor. Then, in the very first scene of the play, King Hamlet’s ghost appears to some soldiers and Hamlet’s friend Horatio. The ghost does not speak to them. Horatio tells Hamlet about the ghost, and eventually the ghost appears to Hamlet and speaks with him. The ghost surprises Hamlet by saying, â€Å"If thou didst ever thy dear father love- Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder† (Hamlet, Act I, Scene 5, Lines 23 and 25). Hamlet had not realised that his father had been murdered. The ghost goes on to say, â€Å"The serpent that did sting thy f ather’s life now wears his crown,† (Haml! et, Act I, Scene 5, Lines 38-39). It is at this point that Hamlet realises that his father’s mur...

Interesting Green Sea Turtle Facts

Interesting Green Sea Turtle Facts Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) inhabit the beaches and offshore locations of 140 countries throughout the world. They are graceful and serene swimmers who migrate thousands of miles through warm subtropical and tropical oceans. All species of these beautiful reptiles are endangered or threatened. Fast Facts: Green Sea Turtles Scientific Name: Chelonia mydasCommon Name(s): Green sea turtle, black sea turtle (in the eastern Pacific)Basic Animal Group: ReptileSize: Adults grow to between 31–47 inches  Weight: 300–440 poundsLifespan: 80–100 yearsDiet:  HerbivoreHabitat: In warm subtropical and tropical ocean waters. Nesting occurs in over 80 countries, and they live in the coastal waters of 140 countriesPopulation: Two largest are the Tortuguero population on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (22,500 females nest there each season) and Raine Island in the Australian Great Barrier Reef (18,000 females nest).Conservation Status: Endangered Description Green sea turtles are distinguished by their streamlined shell or carapace, which covers their entire body except for flippers and head. The adult green sea turtle has an upper shell that blends several colors, gray, black, olive, and brown; its undershell, called a plastron, is whitish to yellow. Green sea turtles are named for the greenish color of their cartilage and fat, not their shells. While sea turtles have fairly mobile necks, they cannot withdraw their heads into their shells.   The flippers of sea turtles are long and paddle-like, making them excellent for swimming but poor for walking on land. Their heads are light brown with yellow markings. The green sea turtle has four pairs of costal scutes, large, hard scales which assist in swimming; and one pair of prefrontal scales located between its eyes. Westend61 - Gerald Nowak/Brand X Pictures/Getty Images Species There are seven recognized species of sea turtles, six of which are in the Family Cheloniidae (the hawksbill, green, flatback, loggerhead, Kemps ridley, and olive ridley turtles), with only one (the leatherback) in the family Dermochelyidae. In some classification schemes, the green turtle is divided into two species- the green turtle and a darker version called the black sea turtle or Pacific green turtle.   All sea turtles migrate. Turtles sometimes travel thousands of miles between cooler feeding grounds and warm nesting grounds. A leatherback turtle was tracked by satellite traveling over 12,000 miles for 674 days from its nesting area in Jamursba-Medi beach in Papua, Indonesia to feeding grounds off Oregon. Habitats, diet and the number and arrangement of these scutes are the primary ways to distinguish different sea turtle species. Habitat and Distribution Green sea turtles are found throughout the world in warm subtropical and tropical ocean waters: They nest on the beaches of over 80 countries and live on the coasts of 140 countries. Efforts continue to emphasize the tracking of sea turtle movement using satellite tags to learn more about their migrations and the implications their travels have for their protection. This may help resource managers develop laws that help protect turtles in their full range. Diet and Behavior The only herbivore of the extant sea turtle species, green sea turtles graze on seagrasses and algae, which in turn maintains and fortifies the seagrass beds. They migrate long distances between a wide range of broadly separated localities and habitats during their lifetimes. Tagging studies suggest that ones that nest at Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean west of Brazil feed on the Brazilian coast, up to 1,430 miles or more away.   Reproduction and Offspring Sea turtles mature at around age 25–30. The males spend their whole lives at sea, while females mate with the males at sea and then go to selected beaches to dig a hole and lay between 75 to 200 eggs. Female sea turtles may lay several clutches of eggs during a single season, then cover the clutches with sand and return to the ocean, leaving the eggs to fend for themselves. The breeding season occurs in late spring and early summer; the males can breed every year but the females only breed once every three or four years. After a two-month incubation period, the young turtles hatch and run to the sea, facing attack by a variety of predators (birds, crabs, fish) along the way. They drift at sea until they are about a foot long and then, depending on the species, may move closer to shore to feed. Threats Climate change, the loss of habitat, and diseases such as fibropapilloma- which causes benign but ultimately debilitating epithelial tumors on the surface of biological tissues- threaten green sea turtles today. Sea turtles are protected by a variety of national and state laws and international treaties, but hunting of live turtles and harvesting of eggs is still underway in many places. Bycatch, the accidental entanglement in fishing gear such as gillnets or shrimp trawling nets, is responsible for hundreds of thousands of turtle deaths and injuries each year. In addition, oceanic pollution and marine debris have been known to disturb and disrupt migration patterns. Vehicle traffic and development of beaches and light pollution of nesting regions disturbs hatchlings, who often go towards the light rather than towards the ocean. Rising sea temperatures from climate change also affect turtle populations. Because the incubation temperature of eggs determines the animals sex, populations in the northern Great Barrier Reef have experienced imbalances of populations with 90 percent or greater females. Conservation Status All seven species of sea turtles are listed under the Endangered Species Act. Due to conservation efforts, some populations are recovering: Between 1995 and 2015, the Hawaiian green sea turtle increased at a rate of 5 percent per year. Sources Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas). ECOS (Environmental Conservation Online System) U.S. Fish Wildlife Service.Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas. National Wildlife Fund.Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas. NOAA Fisheries.  Green Sea Turtle. World Wildlife Fund.  Luschi, P., et al. The Navigational Feats of Green Sea Turtles Migrating from Ascension Island Investigated by Satellite Telemetry. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 265 (1998). Print.Sea Turtle Conservancy. Information About Sea Turtles: Green Sea Turtle. Seminoff, J.A. Chelonia mydas. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004: e.T4615A11037468, 2004. Spotila, James R. Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation. The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.Sea Turtles: Ambassadors of the Sea. State of the Worlds Sea Turtles, 2008. Waller, Geoffrey, ed. SeaLife: A Complete Guide to the Marine Environment. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 1996.

The communicative relationship between the doctor and patient in the Research Paper

The communicative relationship between the doctor and patient in the treatment of acupuncture - Research Paper Example The procedure of acupuncture includes the penetration of painless needles in the body of the patient. It is used for the treatment of various problems which includes infertility, prevention of various diseases and their treatment itself, improvement of general health and it is also used for the treatment of therapeutic issues. In acupuncture, the needles are penetrated at certain points that differ from the traditional ones and in some cases electric current is induced in needles that are already inserted in the acupuncture places. (Gabrielle, 2003) Relationship between Acupuncture Doctor and Patient The relationship between acupuncture doctor and patient is important throughout the period of diagnosis as well as the treatment therefore it is very important for the doctor to know the complete and detailed history of the patient so that he can pursue with the treatment accordingly. The doctor should maintain such a relationship that the patient feels comfortable in his presence and is also able to voice out his fears and doubts if there are any. Since acupuncture is a complex treatment and dates back to almost 5,000 years, some patients coming in for this treatment have their doubts as far as the procedure is concerned.